A binary search tree or BST is a binary tree in symmetric order. A binary search tree is also known as sorted or ordered binary tree.

All binary search tree operations are O H , where H is the depth of the tree. Therefore the complexity of a binary search tree operation in the best case is O logN ; and in the worst case, its complexity is O N. The worst case happens when the binary search tree is unbalanced.

c# - Delete a node from a binary tree - Code Review Stack Exchange

Many algorithms have been invented to keep a binary search tree balanced such as height-balanced tree or AVL trees of A delson- V elskii and L andis, B-trees, and Splay trees. We can use a structure to model the binary search tree node a follows:. To create a new node, we use the malloc function to allocate memory dynamically as follows:. To compare the data of two nodes, we can compare two integers.

However to make it more extensible, we can pass a callback to any function that has comparison between two keys of nodes.

The callback for comparing two nodes is defined as follows:. If the binary search tree is empty, we just create a new node, otherwise we start from the root node:. We do this step recursively until we find the correct position in the tree to insert the new node. Delete a node from the binary search tree Deleting an existing node in the binary search tree is little more complicated.

There are three cases that we should consider:.

Delete a leaf node i. We just need to remove it.

The following example illustrates how to remove the leaf node e. Remove a node that has 1 child node, we replace it with its child node and remove it e. To remove a node that has two child nodes or two children, we find its in-order successor node, which is the next node in in-order traversal of the tree, and replace it with the in-order success node.

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For example, to remove node 3 , we find its in-order successor node, which is 4 , and replace the node 3 by 4 as illustrated in the following picture.

The following is the delete node function that uses recursive function in C:. Search for a specific key in the binary search tree To search for a specific key in the binary search tree, we start from the root node.

If the tree is empty, the key does not exist.

We repeat this step recursively until the key is found or subtree is NULL. This is called in-order traversal of a binary tree. Notice that we pass a callback to the traverse function so that we can manipulate the node dynamically. The callback is defined as follows:. Remove all nodes We must deallocate memory allocated for all the nodes in the binary search tree. We can create a function named dispose to do this:.

C binary search tree program Before creating a program to test our binary search tree, we need to create some functions for:.

About Us Request a Tutorial Contact Us Advertising Privacy Policy. ZenTut Programming Made Easy. C Binary Search Tree. Introduction to binary search tree Binary Search Tree. C Binary Search Tree — Remove Leaf Node. C Binary Search Tree — Remove Node with 1 Child.

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Binary Search Tree — Remove Node with Two Children. Recursively display tree or subtree. Enter data to remove , - 1 to exit: Enter data to search - 1 to exit: Found it 6 R: C Getting Started C Introduction Setting Up C IDE C Compilation Model C Hello World.

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